Introduction to Radio Journalism

 Radio Journalism:

In-short it is introduction to radio. Radio is a cheapest and fastest medium.
It is a medium through which information is disseminated.

Journalism & Mass Communication:

See, in simple words Journalism means; collecting information and giving them proper shape. That shapes are of:
- News
- Reporting
- Feature
- Documentary
- Talk-show
- Drama
- Music

News, reporting and feature comes in journalism as they are in serious form while documentary, talk-show, drama and music are known as infotainment and it comes in mass communication.

So, when you collect information from different sources obviously you need a tool to disseminate that information and that tools are of Mass Communication known as Radio, TV, and online. In-short Journalism and Mass Communication means; Do the reporting and give them proper shape.

Example:

Let's suppose, if you want to make a program on "COVID-19" so actually that "COVID-19" is your idea. Then you'll do research and make a script. Basically Idea, research and scripting are journalistic while editing, mixing, and recording are technical.

What is a Radio Station?

Microphone kept on a table, a computer and a mixer board also known as panel or console placed under the table. Mixer board basically mixes from different sources and it contains alot of input and output switches. These are known as studio equipment.

Then a transmitter is placed outside the studio which is connected to antina. Transmitter modulates and adds high frequency, it is a heavy machine which contains a heavy fan inside it that makes alot of noise, so that's why it is placed outside the studio. Transmitter is known as a carrier which carries information.
Transmitter and antina are known as broadcast equipment.

What is a Mic?

Mic means microphone and it is also known as a transducer which converts sound into audio. Before mic it is sound and after you speak in mic, it is converted into audio.

Types of Radio Stations:

See, FM and AM are the main two types of radio. These are frequencies actually which means;
FM: Frequency modulation - it is a short range radio.
AM: Amplitude modulation - it is a long range radio. It covers far distance.

If you have placed AM transmitter so your studio will be considered as AM Radio Station. If your transmitter is of FM then obviously your studio will be considered as a FM radio station.

1- FM- Frequency modulation
2- LW- Long wave
3- MW- Medium wave
4- SW- Short wave
5- DAB- Digital Audio Broadcast
6- Satellite Radio
7- Internet IP

Actually LW, MW and SW are Amplitude modulation (AM).
If you have placed LW, MW or SW transmitter then your studio will be considered as AM Radio Station as I have mentioned earlier.

DAB: 
This radio is not common in Pakistan but somewhere it is found in imported cars. This radio contains text. Like sometimes it shows you name of program or producer etc.

SATELLITE RADIO: 
You need to place a satellite in the distance of 35,786 km from earth to sky because there is Geo-orbit at this distance which moves parallel to earth. You need a satellite transmitter which carries information to the satellite and then it throw back that information to the earth to cover the area known as footprint coverage area. You need at-least three satellites to cover the whole world.

INTERNET RADIO: 
The same is here, you need to buy a frequency on google and even you can run this radio station from your bedroom.

Mixer Board and microphone is common in every radio station but if you place LW, MW, or SW transmitter then it is known as AM Radio station. If you've placed FM transmitter then it is known as FM radio station as I have mentioned this earlier in several places.

Linear Editing & Non-linear Editing:

Linear Editing: It is analog editing, expensive, and time taking. Tape to tape or cassette to cassette editing. Linear editing was used in past era.

Non-linear Editing: It is digital editing, easy to access, cheaper, and takes less time. Nowadays we have different softwares in our computers like adobe etc.

What is sound?

Sound is a mechanical wave it is a damp oscillation. Damp oscillation means that it reduces with time. Like, if you call someone so that sound is not lifelong infact it reduces with the passage of time.


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